毛衣空花图案识别与转换系统的设计与实现

使用Visual FoxPro数据库管理系统管理数据,用ADO控件连接数据库,用Visual Basic编写程序代码,完成了毛衣空花图案的识别与转换系统.该系统包括五个功能模块:图片导入模块用于将要转换的花样图片从磁盘文件中导入系统;花样图案数字化模块用于把图案中的每个编织符号转化成一定大小点阵数据,并存放到数据文件中;图案模板的管理模块用于为每种编织符号设计一个标准的模板数据,并把数据存放到数据文件中;花样图案的识别模块用于对花样图案中的每一个编织符号进行识别,并将识别结果存放到数据文件中;花样数据的转换模块,将花样数据转换成毛衣编织机的数据格式,并将转换结果存放到数据文件中.为毛衣编织爱好者报提供了一个操作简单、方便实用的方法.     

用负熵最大化小波实现强噪声下的语音识别

针对高噪环境下语音识别的困难,以独立分量分析和小波理论为基础,提出一种负熵最大化小波语音降噪预处理新方法,对不同种类和不同输入信噪比的噪声设计了试验,结果表明在低输入信噪比情况下本方法的优越性,此结论对高噪环境下的信号分析和语音识别具有重要意义。     

Risk management: A probe and study on forest fires

The subject of risk management is attracting more and more attention around the world. The risk of forest fire disasters should be faced and dealt with for forest fires cannot be avoided. Treating forest fire disasters as a risk management issue promotes important measures and methods for fire fighters to prevent, reduce and control the risks of forest fires. In this paper, the risk concept and risk connotation as well as the management risks for forest fire suppression are discussed clearly. Issues such as risk judgments, risk analysis, risk control and the assessment of risk, including their contents and corresponding methods are clarified. Translated from Forest Resources Management, 2006, 2: 24–27 [译自: 林业资源맜理]     

把林火灾害问题纳入风险管理范畴的探讨

风险管理正在成为全球关注的新学科。森林火灾不可避免,灾害风险不容回避,把林火灾害纳入风险管理范畴,是预防、减少和控制森林火灾的重要手段和措施。文中阐明了林火灾害风险及风险管理的概念和含义,明确了风险判识、风险分析、风险评估和风险控制特别是风险评估的内容与方法。     

The effects of kin and familiarity on interactions between fish

Fish have been shown to discriminate between individuals on very general bases such as species, body length and colour. More recently, evidence has been accumulating from a number of species that relatedness and familiarity may be extremely important in mediating a range of interactions between individual fish. Studies have shown that fish are able to recognize kin and/or familiars, and that this ability potentially conveys significant benefits, including increased inclusive fitness, reduced inbreeding costs, reduced competition and enhanced antipredator behaviour. Here, we review the literature and consider future directions and applications for this research.     

Coupled magnetic nanoparticle-mediated isolation and single-cell image recognition to detect Bacillus' cell size in soil

Microbial morphology fundamentally constrains how species interact with their environment, and hence ultimately affects their niche. However, the methodology of functional microbes in the soil ecosystem is still poorly studied since it is difficult to capture and identify the active monospecific community from the complicated environment and enormous number of microbial species in soils. To comprehensively reveal the morphology of active microbes in soil ecosystem, magnetic nanoparticle-mediated isolation (MMI) and single-cell image recognition (SCIR) were employed to study soil active Bacillus community, which functionally boosted the soil fertility in organic fertilisation compared to mineral fertilisation and unfertilised control treatments in our previous study. The results showed that MMI and SCIR can efficiently isolate active Bacillus from soil particles and other microorganisms. High throughput sequencing showed that the captured Bacillus showed similar community structure in different long-term fertilisation soils, while SCIR revealed that the active Bacillus was greater in number and larger in size in organic fertilisation treatment compared to mineral fertilisation and unfertilised control treatments. Our study demonstrates that the combination of MMI and SCIR is a potentially powerful tool to capture and identify the morphology of active and functional microbes in the soil ecosystem.     

新疆地区民族中小学体育风险管理研究*

研究呈现新疆民族中小学体育意外伤害发生特征,提出相应的风险管理策略。结果发现,民族中小学生因好动不羁个性、宗教特征,男生意外伤害高于女生,体育训练与竞赛风险发生率较高,足球成为频次最高的项目,学生自身和场地环境为主要风险因素,教师在风险管理策略选择上处于被动地位。     

Quantitative PCR demonstrates a positive correlation between a Rickettsia-like organism and severity of strawberry disease lesions in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

Strawberry disease (SD) is an inflammatory skin disorder in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). The aetiology of SD is unknown although the 16S rDNA sequence of a Rickettsia-like organism (RLO) has been associated with SD lesions using a nested PCR assay. In this study, we developed a Taqman quantitative PCR assay (qPCR) that targeted the RLO 16S rDNA sequence to examine the distribution of RLO relative to lesion status. We compared 18 lesion samples from 13 fish representing high or low lesion severity as judged by gross examination. QPCR results showed that there was a higher number of RLO sequences in high severity lesions (mean of 12,068 copies) compared with fewer copies of RLO sequence in low severity lesions (mean of 3287 copies, P = 0.012). Grossly normal skin samples (n = 13) from SD-affected fish were all negative by qPCR except two samples (121 and 139 copies). The qPCR assay described herein is a useful tool to investigate the role of RLO in SD in the absence of a culture system for RLO. Our results demonstrate a positive correlation between copy number and lesion severity consistent with the hypothesis that the RLO is the aetiologic agent of SD.     

基于模糊模式的蝗虫图像识别方法

蝗灾是中国农业病虫害防治的重点,采用低空机载蝗虫预警系统技术,对拍摄图像中蝗虫识别和计数,实现蝗虫监测,可以弥补蝗虫地面人工监测的不足。以广东省清远市英德区域农田为试验区,采用数码相机采集蝗虫图像,对蝗虫区域和背景的RGB分量平均值进行对比分析,选用超G绝对值法进行灰度转换,实现蝗虫与背景分离。通过面积统计对比,确定单个蝗虫的面积和周长特征,建立单个蝗虫模糊集和粘连重叠蝗虫区域模糊集,采用最大隶属度原则可以判定蝗虫连通区域为单个蝗虫或是存在图像粘连重叠。用模糊识别方法对单个和粘连重叠的区域分别计算数量,准